People > Cleopatra V
Cleopatra V
Background
Cleopatra V of EgyptPharaohReignwith uncle-husband Ptolemy XII and daughter Berenice IVPredecessorPtolemy XII Auletes (uncle/cousin-husband)SuccessorBerenice IV (daughter)Royal titulary [show]ConsortPtolemy XII Auletes (uncle and cousin)FatherPtolemy IX LathyrosMotherCleopatra Selene IBornc. 95 BCDiedc. 69/68 BC or c. 57 BCCleopatra V Tryphaena of Egypt (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Τρύφαινα, born c. 95 BC, died c. 69/68 BC or c. 57 BC) was a Ptolemaic Queen of Egypt. She is the only surely attested wife of Ptolemy XII.Contents [hide]1Descent and marriage2Death and identity3Ancestry4Notes5References6External linksDescent and marriageCleopatra may have been an illegitimate daughter of Ptolemy IX or the daughter of Ptolemy X Alexander I by his wives - Cleopatra Selene I or Berenice III. In some sources Cleopatra Tryphaena, wife of Ptolemy XII, is referred to as Cleopatra VI.She is first mentioned in 79 BC in two papyri. In that year she married Ptolemy XII, king of Egypt. Ptolemy XII was an illegitimate child of Ptolemy IX, but it is unclear if he and Cleopatra Tryphaena were full siblings or not. They received divine worship as theoí Philopátores kai Philádelphoi (father-, brother- and sister-loving gods).Death and identityIt is unclear how long Cleopatra V lived, and with which mentions of Cleopatra Tryphaena in the historical record she should be identified, as the numbering used to distinguish the Ptolemies is a modern invention. Cleopatra Tryphaena V vanished around the time Cleopatra VII was born (69 BC): her name begins to disappear from monuments and papyri, and there is an inscription of Ptolemy XII from 68 BC that does not mention her but would be expected to do so had she still been alive. There is some indication that she may have died in 69 or 68 BC — she may have died in childbirth or was murdered. Should she really have died that early, then the Cleopatra Tryphaena who is mentioned — after the expulsion of Ptolemy XII — as co-ruler of Egypt (together with Berenice IV) in 58 and 57 BC, and died around 57 BC, must be her daughter, numbered by some historians as Cleopatra VI Tryphaena. This is also supported by Porphyry.On the other hand, there is a dedication on the Temple of Edfu from 57 BC that inscribes Cleopatra Tryphaena's name alongside Ptolemy XII's, which would have meant the king's wife rather than daughter and would be unlikely had Ptolemy XII's wife really died already twelve years earlier. Thus most modern historians consider Cleopatra V to be identical with the purported Cleopatra VI Tryphaena, and have her living to c. 57 BC. This would comport with the account by Strabo, who reports Ptolemy XII to have had only three daughters; we can reliably identify Berenice IV, Cleopatra VII, and Arsinoe IV as the king's daughters, so that there would not be left any room for a Cleopatra VI.The historian Werner Huß believes that Ptolemy XII repudiated his wife Cleopatra V in 69 BC and married a noble Egyptian woman from the high priest family of Memphis. This presumed second wife of the Egyptian king could have been the mother of Cleopatra VII and this daughter's younger siblings, while Berenice IV was the daughter of Cleopatra V because Strabo only calls the oldest daughter of Ptolemy XII a legitimate child. If this theory is true then Cleopatra V assumed power together with her daughter Berenice IV after the expulsion of Ptolemy XII (58 BC) and died before the end of the next year, as her name again disappears from the documents after 57 BC.Ancestry[show]Ancestors of Cleopatra V of EgyptNotesJump up ^ Werner Huß, Ägypten in hellenistischer Zeit (Egypt in Hellenistic times). C. H. Beck, Munich 2001, p. 674-675Jump up ^ biography of Cleopatra VJump up ^ Dodson, Aidan and Hilton, Dyan. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. 2004. ISBN 0-500-05128-3Jump up ^ Whitehorne, pp. 177–178; W. Huß, p. 674-675Jump up ^ She is lastly mentioned in a monument dated on August 7, 69 BC, but her name is already missing in a record dated on February 25, 68 BC.Jump up ^ Felix Jacoby, Fragmente der griechischen Historiker, no. 260 F 2, 14^ Jump up to: a b Whitehorne, p. 182Jump up ^ e. g. W. Huß, Ägypten in hellenistischer Zeit (Egypt in Hellenistic times). C. H. Beck, Munich 2001, p. 679Jump up ^ Geographica 17.1.11, p. 796Jump up ^ Werner Huß, Die Herkunft der Kleopatra Philopator (The descent of Cleopatra Philopator), Aegyptus 70, 1990, pp. 191-203. This theory is partly denied by Christopher Bennett as too speculative. He also assumes that Cleopatra V lived until 57 BC, but believes that she was the mother of all the children of Ptolemy XII, see Cleopatra V.ReferencesJohn Whitehorne (1994). Cleopatras. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-05806-6.Werner Huß: Ägypten in hellenistischer Zeit (Egypt in Hellenistic times). C. H. Beck, Munich 2001.External linksGenealogy of Ptolemaic DynastyCleopatra V of EgyptPtolemaic dynastyBorn: ca. 95 BC Died: ca. 69/68-57 BCRegnal titlesPreceded byPtolemy XIIPharaoh of Egypt79 BC-68 BCwith Ptolemy XIISucceeded byPtolemy XIIPtolemaic Dynasty of Egypt
| King | Title | Meaning | Reign | Wife/Co-Ruler | Reign |
| Ptolemy I | Soter | Savior | 305-285 BCE | Berenice I | Reign |
| Ptolemy II | Philadelphus | Sister-loving | 285-246 BCE | Arsinoe I | Reign |
| Ptolemy III | Euergetes I | The Benefactor | 246-221 BCE | Berenice II | Reign |
| Ptolemy IV | Philopater | Father-loving | 221-204 BCE | Arsinoe III | Reign |
| Ptolemy V | Epiphanes | The Illustrious | 204-180 BCE | Reign | |
| Ptolemy VI | Philometor | Mother-loving | 180-145 BCE | Cleopatra I Cleopatra II & Ptolemy VIII Ptolemy Eupator | 180–176 BCE 170–163 BCE 153–150 BCE |
| Ptolemy VII | Neos Philopator | Father-loving | 145 BCE | Cleopatra II | Reign |
| Ptolemy VIII | Euergetes II | The Benefactor | 170–116 BCE | Cleopatra II | 145–131/130 BCE |
| Cleopatra II | 124–116 BCE | ||||
| Ptolemy VIII | Euergetes II | The Benefactor | 170–116 BCE | Cleopatra II | 124–116 BCE |
| Ptolemy IX | Soter II | The Savior | 116-107 BCE | Cleopatra III | 107–101 BCE |
| Ptolemy X | Alexander I | 107-88 BCE | Cleopatra III | 107–101 BCE | |
| Ptolemy IX | Soter II | The Savior | 88-80 BCE | ||
| Ptolemy XI | Alexander II | 80 BCE | Berenice III | 80 BCE | |
| Ptolemy XIII | Neos Dionysos/Auletes | New Dionysus/Flute Player | 80–51 BCE | Berenice IV | 58–55 BCE |
| Cleopatra VII | 51-30 BCE | Reign | |||
| Ptolemy XIII Physcon | Dionysos | 51-47 BCE | Reign | ||
| Ptolemy XIV | Philopator | Father-loving | 47-44 BCE | Reign | |
| Ptolemy XV | Caesarion | Little Caesar | 44-30 BCE | Reign |
